Kule nyanga, i-Walmart iphelisa ukusetyenziswa kweengxowa zephepha kunye neeplastiki kwiikhawunta zokuphuma eNew York, Connecticut, naseColorado.
Ngaphambili, inkampani yayeka ukusasaza iingxowa zeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kanye eNew York naseConnecticut, nakwezinye iindawo zaseColorado.IWalmart ibonelela ngeengxowa ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe ziqala kwiisenti ezingama-74 kubathengi abangazisi ezabo iibhegi.
IWalmart izama ukuhlala phambi kwemithetho ethile karhulumente elwa neplastiki.Uninzi lwabathengi bafuna utshintsho, kwaye iWalmart izibekele injongo eluhlaza yeshishini lokwenziwa kwenkunkuma e-US ngo-2025.
Ezi kunye namanye amazwe, ekhokelwa ngabameli beDemokhrasi, bathathe inyathelo elibukhali ngakumbi kumgaqo-nkqubo wokusingqongileyo, kwaye iWalmart ibona ithuba lokwandisa iinzame zayo kula mazwe.Amazwe alishumi kunye neendawo ezingaphezu kwama-500 kwilizwe liphela zithathe inyathelo lokuvala okanye ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kweengxowa zeplastiki ezincinci kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, iingxowa zephepha, ngokweqela lezendalo iSurfrider Foundation.
Kumazwe aseRiphabhlikhi, apho iWalmart kunye nezinye iinkampani ziye zachasa ukusikwa kweplastiki kunye nezinye iindlela zokutshintsha kwemozulu, ziye zahamba kancinci.Ngokutsho kweSurfider Foundation, amazwe angama-20 apasise oko kubizwa ngokuba yimithetho yokuthintela ethintela oomasipala ukuba bamisele imimiselo yeengxowa zeplastiki.
Ukufuduka kwiiplastiki ezisetyenziselwa enye kunye neengxowa zephepha "kubalulekile," watsho uJudith Enk, owayengumlawuli wengingqi ye-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo kunye nomongameli okhoyo we-Beyond Plastics, umsebenzi ongenzi nzuzo osebenza ukuphelisa ukusetyenziswa kongcoliseko lweplastiki enye.
“Kukho ezinye iindlela ezinokusetyenziswa kwakhona,” utshilo.“Oku kutsalela ingqalelo kwimfuno yokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweplastiki.Ilula nayo.”
Iingxowa zeplastiki zavela kwiivenkile ezinkulu kunye namatyathanga okuthengisa ngeminyaka yoo-1970 kunye no-80s.Ngaphambi koku, abathengi babesebenzisa iingxowa zephepha ukuthatha igrosari kunye nezinye izinto bagoduke nazo evenkileni.Abathengisi batshintshele kwiingxowa zeplastiki kuba zinexabiso eliphantsi.
Abantu baseMelika basebenzisa iingxowa zeplastiki ezimalunga neebhiliyoni ezili-100 ngonyaka.Kodwa iingxowa ezilahlwayo kunye nezinye izinto zeplastiki zibeka iingozi ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo.
Imveliso yePlasitiki ngowona mthombo uphambili wokukhutshwa kwamafutha efosili anegalelo kwintlekele yemozulu kunye neziganeko zemozulu ezimandundu.Ngokutsho kwengxelo ye-2021 evela kwi-Beyond Plastics, ishishini leplastiki lase-US liza kukhupha ubuncinane i-232 yezigidi zeetoni ze-global warming emissions ngonyaka ngo-2020. Eli nani lilingana nokukhutshwa kwe-avareji ye-116 ye-medium-size-size power based power.
Lo mbutho uqikelela ukuba ngo-2030, ishishini leplastiki lase-US liya kuba negalelo elikhulu kutshintsho lwemozulu kuneshishini lombane elibaswa ngamalahle.
Iingxowa zeplastiki zikwangumthombo omkhulu wenkunkuma ophelela elwandle, emilanjeni nakwimijelo ehambisa amanzi amdaka, nto leyo ebeka esichengeni izilwanyana zasendle.Ngokweqela leenkuthazo ngokusingqongileyo i-Ocean Conservancy, iingxowa zeplastiki luhlobo lwesihlanu oluxhaphakileyo lwenkunkuma yeplastiki.
Ngokwe-EPA, iingxowa zeplastiki azinakonakala kwaye yi-10% kuphela yeengxowa zeplastiki eziphinda zisetyenziswe.Xa iingxowa zingabekwanga ngokufanelekileyo kwiitoti zenkunkuma eziqhelekileyo, zinokuphelela kwindawo engqongileyo okanye zivale izixhobo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwiindawo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe.
Iingxowa zamaphepha, kwelinye icala, zilula ukuphinda zisetyenziswe kuneeplastiki kwaye ziyakwazi ukubola, kodwa ezinye iindawo kunye nezixeko zithathe isigqibo sokuzivala ngenxa yokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ephezulu ehambelana nemveliso yazo.
Njengoko impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yeengxowa zeplastiki iphantsi koqwalaselo, izixeko kunye namabala aqala ukuwavala.
Ukuvalwa kweengxowa zeplastiki kunciphise inani leengxowa ezivenkileni kwaye kwakhuthaza abathengi ukuba beze neengxowa ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe okanye bahlawule umrhumo omncinci kwiingxowa zephepha.
"Umthetho ofanelekileyo webhegi uvala iingxowa zeplastiki kunye nemirhumo yephepha," utshilo u-Enk.Ngelixa abanye abathengi bethandabuza ukuzisa iibhegi zabo, uthelekisa imithetho yeengxowa zeplastiki kunye neemfuno zebhanti lesihlalo kunye nokuvalwa kwecuba.
ENew Jersey, ukuvalwa kokusetyenziswa kweplastiki enye kunye neengxowa zephepha kuthetha ukuba iinkonzo zokuhanjiswa kwegrosari zitshintshele kwiingxowa ezinomthwalo onzima.Abathengi babo ngoku bakhalazela iitoni zeengxowa ezinzima ezinokuphinda zisebenziseke abazi ukuba benze ntoni ngazo.
Iingxowa eziphinda zisetyenziswe – iingxowa zelaphu okanye ezityebileyo, ezomelele ngakumbi – nazo azifanelekanga, ngaphandle kokuba ziphinde zasetyenziswa.
Iingxowa zeplastiki ezinzima zenziwe ngezinto ezifanayo njengeeplastiki ezinqabileyo eziqhelekileyo ezilahlwayo, kodwa zinzima ngokuphindwe kabini kwaye zinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ngaphandle kokuba ziphinda zisetyenziswe rhoqo.
Ingxelo yeNkqubo yokusiNgqongileyo yeZizwe eziManyeneyo yowama-2020 yafumanisa ukuba iingxowa ezishinyeneyo, ezomeleleyo kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngamaxesha amalunga ne-10 ukuya kwangama-20 xa kuthelekiswa neengxowa zeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kanye.
Ukuveliswa kweengxowa zekotoni nako kunempembelelo embi kwindalo.Ngokutsho kweNkqubo Yemo Engqongileyo yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo, ingxowa yomqhaphu kufuneka isetyenziswe ngamaxesha angama-50 ukuya kwangama-150 ukuze ibe nempembelelo encinane kwimozulu kunengxowa yeplastiki esetyenziswa kanye.
Akukho datha malunga nokuba mangaphi amaxesha abantu abasebenzisa iibhegi ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, utshilo u-Enk, kodwa abathengi bayazihlawulela kwaye banokuzisebenzisa amakhulukhulu amaxesha.Iingxowa zelaphu nazo ziyakwazi ukubola kwaye, xa zinikwa ixesha elaneleyo, azibeki soyikiso kubomi baselwandle njengeengxowa zeplastiki.
Ukukhuthaza ukufudukela kwiingxowa ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, i-Walmart ibeka kwiindawo ezininzi ezijikeleze ivenkile kwaye yongeza iimpawu.Uphinde wahlengahlengisa imigca yokuphuma ukuze kube lula ukusebenzisa iibhegi ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe.
Ngo-2019, iWalmart, iTarget kunye neCVS zikhokele inkxaso-mali yeBeyond the Bag, inyathelo lokukhawulezisa ukutshintshwa kweengxowa zeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kanye.
IWalmart ifanele ukunconywa ngeenzame zayo zokugqitha ngaphaya kweemfuno zomthetho, utshilo u-Enk.Uphinde walatha kwi-Trader Joe's, esebenzisa iingxowa zephepha, kunye ne-Aldi, esusa iingxowa zeplastiki kuzo zonke iivenkile zayo zase-US ekupheleni kuka-2023, njengeenkokeli zokusuka kwiplastiki enye.
Ngelixa uninzi lwamazwe lunokuthi luvale iingxowa zeplastiki kwaye abathengisi bazikhuphe kwiminyaka ezayo, kuya kuba nzima ukukhupha iingxowa zeplastiki ezintsha e-United States.
Ngenkxaso yamaqela amashishini eplastiki, amazwe angama-20 adlulise oko kubizwa ngokuba yimithetho yokukhusela ethintela oomasipala ukuba basebenzise imigaqo yeplastiki, ngokutsho kweSurfider Foundation.
U-Encke ubize imithetho eyingozi kwaye wathi baphela belimaza abahlawuli berhafu basekhaya abahlawula ukucoca kunye nokujongana namashishini okuphinda asetyenziswe xa iingxowa zeplastiki zivala izixhobo.
“Izindlu zowiso-mthetho kunye neerhuluneli akufuneki zibathintele oorhulumente basekhaya ekuthatheni amanyathelo okunciphisa ungcoliseko lwasekhaya,” utshilo.
Uninzi lwedatha kwii-stock quotes zinikezelwa yi-BATS.Izalathisi zeemarike zase-US ziboniswa ngexesha langempela, ngaphandle kwe-S & P 500, ehlaziywa rhoqo ngemizuzu emibini.Onke amaxesha akwiXesha laseMpuma laseMelika.I-Factset: FactSet Research Systems Inc. Onke amalungelo agciniwe.I-Chicago Mercantile: Idatha ethile yemarike yipropati ye-Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. kunye nabanikezeli balo beelayisensi.Onke Amalungelo Agciniwe.I-Dow Jones: I-Dow Jones Brand Index iphethwe, ibalwa, ihanjiswa kwaye ithengiswe ngu-DJI Opco, i-subsidiary ye-S & P Dow Jones Indices LLC, kunye nelayisensi yokusetyenziswa yi-S & P Opco, LLC kunye ne-CNN.I-Standard & Poor's kunye ne-S&P ziimpawu zorhwebo ezibhalisiweyo zeStandard & Poor's Financial Services LLC kwaye iDow Jones luphawu lwentengiso olubhalisiweyo lweDow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC.Wonke umxholo we-Dow Jones Brand Index unamalungelo okushicilela yi-S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC kunye/okanye iinkampani eziphantsi kwayo.Ixabiso elifanelekileyo libonelelwe yi-IndexArb.com.Iiholide zentengiso kunye neeyure zokuvula zibonelelwa yiCopp Clark Limited.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-08-2023